Roughing out the demo app
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# JSON Server [](https://travis-ci.org/typicode/json-server) [](http://badge.fury.io/js/json-server)
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||||
Get a full fake REST API with __zero coding__ in __less than 30 seconds__ (seriously)
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||||
Created with <3 for front-end developers who need a quick back-end for prototyping and mocking.
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||||
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||||
* [Egghead.io free video tutorial - Creating demo APIs with json-server](https://egghead.io/lessons/nodejs-creating-demo-apis-with-json-server)
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* [JSONPlaceholder - Live running version](https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com)
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* [__My JSON Server__ - no installation required, use your own data](https://my-json-server.typicode.com)
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See also:
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* :dog: [husky - Git hooks made easy](https://github.com/typicode/husky)
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* :hotel: [hotel - developer tool with local .localhost domain and https out of the box](https://github.com/typicode/hotel)
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<h2 align="center">Sponsors</h2>
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<h3 align="center">Gold</h3>
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||||
<p align="center">
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<a href="https://tryretool.com/?utm_source=sponsor&utm_campaign=typicode" target="_blank">
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/IBItATn.png" height="60px">
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</a>
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</p>
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---
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||||
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<h3 align="center">Bronze</h3>
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<p align="center">
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<a href="https://www.zinggrid.com/hello/json-server?utm_source=jsonserver&utm_medium=github&utm_campaign=sponsorship" target="_blank">
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/3mJGTAQ.png" height="30px">
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</a>
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</p>
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---
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<p> </p>
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||||
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||||
<p align="center">
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<a href="https://github.com/users/typicode/sponsorship">Become a sponsor and have your company logo here</a>
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</p>
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## Table of contents
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<!-- toc -->
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- [Getting started](#getting-started)
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- [Routes](#routes)
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* [Plural routes](#plural-routes)
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* [Singular routes](#singular-routes)
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* [Filter](#filter)
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* [Paginate](#paginate)
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* [Sort](#sort)
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* [Slice](#slice)
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* [Operators](#operators)
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* [Full-text search](#full-text-search)
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* [Relationships](#relationships)
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* [Database](#database)
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* [Homepage](#homepage)
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- [Extras](#extras)
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* [Static file server](#static-file-server)
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* [Alternative port](#alternative-port)
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* [Access from anywhere](#access-from-anywhere)
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* [Remote schema](#remote-schema)
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* [Generate random data](#generate-random-data)
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* [HTTPS](#https)
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* [Add custom routes](#add-custom-routes)
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* [Add middlewares](#add-middlewares)
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* [CLI usage](#cli-usage)
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* [Module](#module)
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+ [Simple example](#simple-example)
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+ [Custom routes example](#custom-routes-example)
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+ [Access control example](#access-control-example)
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+ [Custom output example](#custom-output-example)
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+ [Rewriter example](#rewriter-example)
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+ [Mounting JSON Server on another endpoint example](#mounting-json-server-on-another-endpoint-example)
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+ [API](#api)
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* [Deployment](#deployment)
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- [Links](#links)
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* [Video](#video)
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* [Articles](#articles)
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* [Third-party tools](#third-party-tools)
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- [License](#license)
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<!-- tocstop -->
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## Getting started
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Install JSON Server
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```
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npm install -g json-server
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```
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Create a `db.json` file with some data
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```json
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{
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"posts": [
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{ "id": 1, "title": "json-server", "author": "typicode" }
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],
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"comments": [
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{ "id": 1, "body": "some comment", "postId": 1 }
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],
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"profile": { "name": "typicode" }
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}
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```
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Start JSON Server
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```bash
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json-server --watch db.json
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```
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Now if you go to [http://localhost:3000/posts/1](http://localhost:3000/posts/1), you'll get
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```json
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{ "id": 1, "title": "json-server", "author": "typicode" }
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```
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Also when doing requests, it's good to know that:
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- If you make POST, PUT, PATCH or DELETE requests, changes will be automatically and safely saved to `db.json` using [lowdb](https://github.com/typicode/lowdb).
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- Your request body JSON should be object enclosed, just like the GET output. (for example `{"name": "Foobar"}`)
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- Id values are not mutable. Any `id` value in the body of your PUT or PATCH request will be ignored. Only a value set in a POST request will be respected, but only if not already taken.
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- A POST, PUT or PATCH request should include a `Content-Type: application/json` header to use the JSON in the request body. Otherwise it will result in a 200 OK but without changes being made to the data.
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## Routes
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Based on the previous `db.json` file, here are all the default routes. You can also add [other routes](#add-custom-routes) using `--routes`.
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### Plural routes
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```
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GET /posts
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GET /posts/1
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POST /posts
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PUT /posts/1
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PATCH /posts/1
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DELETE /posts/1
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```
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### Singular routes
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```
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GET /profile
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POST /profile
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PUT /profile
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PATCH /profile
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```
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### Filter
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Use `.` to access deep properties
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```
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GET /posts?title=json-server&author=typicode
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GET /posts?id=1&id=2
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GET /comments?author.name=typicode
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```
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### Paginate
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Use `_page` and optionally `_limit` to paginate returned data.
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In the `Link` header you'll get `first`, `prev`, `next` and `last` links.
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```
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GET /posts?_page=7
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GET /posts?_page=7&_limit=20
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```
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_10 items are returned by default_
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### Sort
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Add `_sort` and `_order` (ascending order by default)
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```
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GET /posts?_sort=views&_order=asc
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GET /posts/1/comments?_sort=votes&_order=asc
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```
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For multiple fields, use the following format:
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```
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GET /posts?_sort=user,views&_order=desc,asc
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```
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### Slice
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Add `_start` and `_end` or `_limit` (an `X-Total-Count` header is included in the response)
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```
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GET /posts?_start=20&_end=30
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GET /posts/1/comments?_start=20&_end=30
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GET /posts/1/comments?_start=20&_limit=10
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```
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_Works exactly as [Array.slice](https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/slice) (i.e. `_start` is inclusive and `_end` exclusive)_
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### Operators
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Add `_gte` or `_lte` for getting a range
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```
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GET /posts?views_gte=10&views_lte=20
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```
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Add `_ne` to exclude a value
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```
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GET /posts?id_ne=1
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```
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Add `_like` to filter (RegExp supported)
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```
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GET /posts?title_like=server
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```
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### Full-text search
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Add `q`
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```
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GET /posts?q=internet
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```
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### Relationships
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To include children resources, add `_embed`
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```
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GET /posts?_embed=comments
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GET /posts/1?_embed=comments
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```
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To include parent resource, add `_expand`
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```
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GET /comments?_expand=post
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GET /comments/1?_expand=post
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```
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To get or create nested resources (by default one level, [add custom routes](#add-custom-routes) for more)
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```
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GET /posts/1/comments
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POST /posts/1/comments
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```
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### Database
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```
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GET /db
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```
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### Homepage
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Returns default index file or serves `./public` directory
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```
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GET /
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```
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## Extras
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### Static file server
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You can use JSON Server to serve your HTML, JS and CSS, simply create a `./public` directory
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or use `--static` to set a different static files directory.
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```bash
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mkdir public
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echo 'hello world' > public/index.html
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json-server db.json
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```
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```bash
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json-server db.json --static ./some-other-dir
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```
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### Alternative port
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You can start JSON Server on other ports with the `--port` flag:
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```bash
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$ json-server --watch db.json --port 3004
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```
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### Access from anywhere
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You can access your fake API from anywhere using CORS and JSONP.
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### Remote schema
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You can load remote schemas.
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```bash
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$ json-server http://example.com/file.json
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$ json-server http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/db
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```
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### Generate random data
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Using JS instead of a JSON file, you can create data programmatically.
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```javascript
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// index.js
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module.exports = () => {
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const data = { users: [] }
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// Create 1000 users
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for (let i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
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data.users.push({ id: i, name: `user${i}` })
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}
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return data
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}
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```
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```bash
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$ json-server index.js
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```
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__Tip__ use modules like [Faker](https://github.com/Marak/faker.js), [Casual](https://github.com/boo1ean/casual), [Chance](https://github.com/victorquinn/chancejs) or [JSON Schema Faker](https://github.com/json-schema-faker/json-schema-faker).
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### HTTPS
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There are many ways to set up SSL in development. One simple way is to use [hotel](https://github.com/typicode/hotel).
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### Add custom routes
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Create a `routes.json` file. Pay attention to start every route with `/`.
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```json
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{
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"/api/*": "/$1",
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"/:resource/:id/show": "/:resource/:id",
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"/posts/:category": "/posts?category=:category",
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"/articles\\?id=:id": "/posts/:id"
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}
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```
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Start JSON Server with `--routes` option.
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```bash
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json-server db.json --routes routes.json
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```
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Now you can access resources using additional routes.
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```sh
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/api/posts # → /posts
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/api/posts/1 # → /posts/1
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/posts/1/show # → /posts/1
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/posts/javascript # → /posts?category=javascript
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/articles?id=1 # → /posts/1
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```
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### Add middlewares
|
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You can add your middlewares from the CLI using `--middlewares` option:
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|
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```js
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// hello.js
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module.exports = (req, res, next) => {
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res.header('X-Hello', 'World')
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next()
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}
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||||
```
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|
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```bash
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json-server db.json --middlewares ./hello.js
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||||
json-server db.json --middlewares ./first.js ./second.js
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```
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### CLI usage
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
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json-server [options] <source>
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Options:
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||||
--config, -c Path to config file [default: "json-server.json"]
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--port, -p Set port [default: 3000]
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--host, -H Set host [default: "localhost"]
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--watch, -w Watch file(s) [boolean]
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--routes, -r Path to routes file
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--middlewares, -m Paths to middleware files [array]
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--static, -s Set static files directory
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--read-only, --ro Allow only GET requests [boolean]
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--no-cors, --nc Disable Cross-Origin Resource Sharing [boolean]
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--no-gzip, --ng Disable GZIP Content-Encoding [boolean]
|
||||
--snapshots, -S Set snapshots directory [default: "."]
|
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--delay, -d Add delay to responses (ms)
|
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--id, -i Set database id property (e.g. _id) [default: "id"]
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--foreignKeySuffix, --fks Set foreign key suffix, (e.g. _id as in post_id)
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[default: "Id"]
|
||||
--quiet, -q Suppress log messages from output [boolean]
|
||||
--help, -h Show help [boolean]
|
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--version, -v Show version number [boolean]
|
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|
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Examples:
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||||
json-server db.json
|
||||
json-server file.js
|
||||
json-server http://example.com/db.json
|
||||
|
||||
https://github.com/typicode/json-server
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
You can also set options in a `json-server.json` configuration file.
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
{
|
||||
"port": 3000
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Module
|
||||
|
||||
If you need to add authentication, validation, or __any behavior__, you can use the project as a module in combination with other Express middlewares.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Simple example
|
||||
|
||||
```sh
|
||||
$ npm install json-server --save-dev
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```js
|
||||
// server.js
|
||||
const jsonServer = require('json-server')
|
||||
const server = jsonServer.create()
|
||||
const router = jsonServer.router('db.json')
|
||||
const middlewares = jsonServer.defaults()
|
||||
|
||||
server.use(middlewares)
|
||||
server.use(router)
|
||||
server.listen(3000, () => {
|
||||
console.log('JSON Server is running')
|
||||
})
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```sh
|
||||
$ node server.js
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The path you provide to the `jsonServer.router` function is relative to the directory from where you launch your node process. If you run the above code from another directory, it’s better to use an absolute path:
|
||||
|
||||
```js
|
||||
const path = require('path')
|
||||
const router = jsonServer.router(path.join(__dirname, 'db.json'))
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
For an in-memory database, simply pass an object to `jsonServer.router()`.
|
||||
|
||||
Please note also that `jsonServer.router()` can be used in existing Express projects.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Custom routes example
|
||||
|
||||
Let's say you want a route that echoes query parameters and another one that set a timestamp on every resource created.
|
||||
|
||||
```js
|
||||
const jsonServer = require('json-server')
|
||||
const server = jsonServer.create()
|
||||
const router = jsonServer.router('db.json')
|
||||
const middlewares = jsonServer.defaults()
|
||||
|
||||
// Set default middlewares (logger, static, cors and no-cache)
|
||||
server.use(middlewares)
|
||||
|
||||
// Add custom routes before JSON Server router
|
||||
server.get('/echo', (req, res) => {
|
||||
res.jsonp(req.query)
|
||||
})
|
||||
|
||||
// To handle POST, PUT and PATCH you need to use a body-parser
|
||||
// You can use the one used by JSON Server
|
||||
server.use(jsonServer.bodyParser)
|
||||
server.use((req, res, next) => {
|
||||
if (req.method === 'POST') {
|
||||
req.body.createdAt = Date.now()
|
||||
}
|
||||
// Continue to JSON Server router
|
||||
next()
|
||||
})
|
||||
|
||||
// Use default router
|
||||
server.use(router)
|
||||
server.listen(3000, () => {
|
||||
console.log('JSON Server is running')
|
||||
})
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Access control example
|
||||
|
||||
```js
|
||||
const jsonServer = require('json-server')
|
||||
const server = jsonServer.create()
|
||||
const router = jsonServer.router('db.json')
|
||||
const middlewares = jsonServer.defaults()
|
||||
|
||||
server.use(middlewares)
|
||||
server.use((req, res, next) => {
|
||||
if (isAuthorized(req)) { // add your authorization logic here
|
||||
next() // continue to JSON Server router
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
res.sendStatus(401)
|
||||
}
|
||||
})
|
||||
server.use(router)
|
||||
server.listen(3000, () => {
|
||||
console.log('JSON Server is running')
|
||||
})
|
||||
```
|
||||
#### Custom output example
|
||||
|
||||
To modify responses, overwrite `router.render` method:
|
||||
|
||||
```javascript
|
||||
// In this example, returned resources will be wrapped in a body property
|
||||
router.render = (req, res) => {
|
||||
res.jsonp({
|
||||
body: res.locals.data
|
||||
})
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
You can set your own status code for the response:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```javascript
|
||||
// In this example we simulate a server side error response
|
||||
router.render = (req, res) => {
|
||||
res.status(500).jsonp({
|
||||
error: "error message here"
|
||||
})
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Rewriter example
|
||||
|
||||
To add rewrite rules, use `jsonServer.rewriter()`:
|
||||
|
||||
```javascript
|
||||
// Add this before server.use(router)
|
||||
server.use(jsonServer.rewriter({
|
||||
'/api/*': '/$1',
|
||||
'/blog/:resource/:id/show': '/:resource/:id'
|
||||
}))
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Mounting JSON Server on another endpoint example
|
||||
|
||||
Alternatively, you can also mount the router on `/api`.
|
||||
|
||||
```javascript
|
||||
server.use('/api', router)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### API
|
||||
|
||||
__`jsonServer.create()`__
|
||||
|
||||
Returns an Express server.
|
||||
|
||||
__`jsonServer.defaults([options])`__
|
||||
|
||||
Returns middlewares used by JSON Server.
|
||||
|
||||
* options
|
||||
* `static` path to static files
|
||||
* `logger` enable logger middleware (default: true)
|
||||
* `bodyParser` enable body-parser middleware (default: true)
|
||||
* `noCors` disable CORS (default: false)
|
||||
* `readOnly` accept only GET requests (default: false)
|
||||
|
||||
__`jsonServer.router([path|object])`__
|
||||
|
||||
Returns JSON Server router.
|
||||
|
||||
### Deployment
|
||||
|
||||
You can deploy JSON Server. For example, [JSONPlaceholder](http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com) is an online fake API powered by JSON Server and running on Heroku.
|
||||
|
||||
## Links
|
||||
|
||||
### Video
|
||||
|
||||
* [Creating Demo APIs with json-server on egghead.io](https://egghead.io/lessons/nodejs-creating-demo-apis-with-json-server)
|
||||
|
||||
### Articles
|
||||
|
||||
* [Node Module Of The Week - json-server](http://nmotw.in/json-server/)
|
||||
* [Mock up your REST API with JSON Server](http://www.betterpixels.co.uk/projects/2015/05/09/mock-up-your-rest-api-with-json-server/)
|
||||
* [ng-admin: Add an AngularJS admin GUI to any RESTful API](http://marmelab.com/blog/2014/09/15/easy-backend-for-your-restful-api.html)
|
||||
* [Fast prototyping using Restangular and Json-server](https://glebbahmutov.com/blog/fast-prototyping-restangular-and-json-server/)
|
||||
* [Create a Mock REST API in Seconds for Prototyping your Frontend](https://coligo.io/create-mock-rest-api-with-json-server/)
|
||||
* [No API? No Problem! Rapid Development via Mock APIs](https://medium.com/@housecor/rapid-development-via-mock-apis-e559087be066#.93d7w8oro)
|
||||
* [Zero Code REST With json-server](https://dzone.com/articles/zero-code-rest-with-json-server)
|
||||
|
||||
### Third-party tools
|
||||
|
||||
* [Grunt JSON Server](https://github.com/tfiwm/grunt-json-server)
|
||||
* [Docker JSON Server](https://github.com/clue/docker-json-server)
|
||||
* [JSON Server GUI](https://github.com/naholyr/json-server-gui)
|
||||
* [JSON file generator](https://github.com/dfsq/json-server-init)
|
||||
* [JSON Server extension](https://github.com/maty21/json-server-extension)
|
||||
|
||||
## License
|
||||
|
||||
MIT
|
||||
|
||||
[Supporters](https://thanks.typicode.com) ✨
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user